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References

  1. Joint Standing Committee on the National Disability Insurance Scheme, Market Readiness Final Report, Parliament of Australia, 2018a, pp. 25-29.↩
  2. National Alliance of Capacity Building Organisations (NACBO), Workforce innovation through self‑managed supports, 2018, pp. 28-43.↩
  3. Productivity Commission, Advancing Prosperity – 5-year Productivity Inquiry Report, Volume 5, 2023, pp. 75.↩
  4. National Disability Services (NDS), State of the Disability Sector Report 2022, 2022, pp.11.↩
  5. National Disability Services (NDS), State of the Disability Sector Report 2022, 2022, pp.21.↩
  6. Centre for Market Design, Improving Transport for Students with Disability. ↩
  7. Submission 501 to the NDIS Review’s Have your say survey.↩
  8. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Coordinated Funding Proposals, 2022.↩
  9. Green, C., Malbon, E., Carey, G., Dickinson, H., Reeders, D. (2018), Competition and Collaboration between Service Providers in the NDIS, 2018, pp. 14↩
  10. Submission 280 to the NDIS Review’s Have your say survey↩
  11. Joint Standing Committee on the National Disability Insurance Scheme, NDIS ICT Systems - Final Report, Parliament of Australia, 2018b, pp. 5-6; Joint Standing Committee on the National Disability Insurance Scheme, General issues around the implementation and performance of the NDIS Final Report, Parliament of Australia, 2019, pp. 62-64; Queensland Productivity Commission, The NDIS Market in Queensland, Final Report,  2021 pp. 247.↩
  12. Submissions 922 and 1039 to the NDIS Review’s Have your say survey.↩
  13. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Quarterly report to Disability Reform Ministers for quarter 2 of Year 10 – Full Report,  2023a, pp. 90.↩
  14. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Quarterly Report to Disability Ministers – Appendix E Supplement 2022-23 Q2, 2023b, Table E.111; National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), NDIS Quarterly Report to Disability Ministers – Appendix N Supplement 2022-23 Q2, 2023b, Table 26.↩
  15. Department of Social Services (DSS), NDIS Demand Map, 2019, last updated March 2019. ↩
  16. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), NDIS Market monitoring, 2022a, last updated 4 October 2022. ↩
  17. Submission 162 to the NDIS Review’s Have your say survey.↩
  18. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), NDIS Guide to Plan Management, 2020, pp. 14.↩
  19. Submission 727 to the NDIS Review’s Have your say survey.↩
  20. Queensland Productivity Commission (QPC) 2021, pp. 252-257.↩
  21. Submission 332 to the NDIS Review’s Have your say survey.↩
  22. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Summary: Participant Survey on Self-Management, 2022b, pp. 8.↩
  23. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), NDIS Quarterly Report to Disability Ministers – Appendix E Supplement 2022-23 Q2, 2023b, Table E.117.↩
  24. Tune, D., Review of the National Disability Insurance Scheme Act 2013 - Final Report, 2019, pp. 44.↩
  25. Submission 302 to the NDIS Review’s Have your say survey.↩
  26. Tune, D., Review of the National Disability Insurance Scheme Act 2013 - Final Report, 2019, pp. 120-121; National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Improving Support Coordination for NDIS Participants, 2021a.↩
  27. Roberson, A. Independent review of the adequacy of the regulation of the supports and services provided to Ms Ann-Marie Smith, an NDIS participant, who died on April 2020, NDIS Commission (NDIS Quality and Safeguards Commission), 2020, pp. 20.↩
  28. NDIS Review Analysis, NDIS Quarterly Report (Q2), figure 71: Total payments in Q2 2022–23 by plan management type, December 2022.↩
  29. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Continence providers list, 2023.↩
  30. NDIS Review Analysis, NDIS Quarterly Report (Q2),figure 71: Total payments in Q2 2022–23 by plan management type, December 2022.↩
  31. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), NDIS Pricing Strategy, 2019, pp.5, 9.↩
  32. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Pricing Reference Group, 2022.↩
  33. Productivity Commission, NDIS Costs - Study report, 2017, pp.34.↩
  34. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Final report – Financial Benchmarking Survey 2021-22, 2022, pp. 9.↩
  35. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Final report – Financial Benchmarking Survey 2021-22, 2022, pp. 9↩
  36. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Disability Support Worker Cost Model Assumptions and Methodology 2021-22, 2021, pp. 4.↩
  37. Independent Health and Aged Care Pricing Authority (IHACPA) 2023, Understanding the NEP and NEC Determinations 2023–24,pp. 4.↩
  38. Submission 212 to the NDIS Review’s Have your Say survey.↩
  39. McKinsey, Independent Pricing Review - Final Report, 2018, pp. 5-6.↩
  40. National Disability Services (NDS), State of the Disability Sector Report 2022, 2022, pp.13.↩
  41. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), unpublished analysis of NDIA administration data. Transactions are considered to be at or close to the price cap if the price charged is within 95% to 100% of the price cap. Excludes supports delivered to self managed participants and services that are not price controlled.↩
  42. For example, the United Kingdom’s (UK) experience in re-introducing price regulation for electricity through a temporary default offer cap led to price compression as the price of the cheapest deals increased, and there was an increase in UK pension fund fees following the introduction of the fee cap.↩
  43. Submission 764 to the NDIS Review’s Have your Say survey.↩
  44. Joint Standing Committee on the National Disability Insurance Scheme, Inquiry into Market Readiness, Parliament of Australia, 2018, pp. 70.↩
  45. Hireup, Submission to the NDIS Review, 2023, pp. 7.↩
  46. Hireup, Submission to the NDIS Review, 2023, pp. 7.↩
  47. Australian Services Union, Submission to the NDIS Review, pp. 22-23; Health Services Union 2023, Submission to the NDIS Review, 2022, pp. 5.↩
  48. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), 2021-22 Annual Pricing Review - Final Report, 2021, pp. 121.↩
  49. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), Pricing Arrangements and Price Limits 2022-23, 2022.↩
  50. NDIS Review analysis of 2021-22 National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA) budget data. The support category Capacity Building Daily Activity was used as a proxy for therapy supports.↩
  51. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA) unpublished analysis of NDIS administration data. Excludes therapy supports delivered to self-managed participants.↩
  52. Submission 325 to the NDIS Review’s Have your Say survey.↩
  53. Submission 413 to the NDIS Review’s Have your Say survey.↩
  54. Physical Disability Australia, Submission to the 2022-23 NDIS Annual Pricing Review, 2023, pp.2.↩
  55. Submission 371 to the NDIS Review’s Have your Say survey.↩
  56. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) 2023. Setting prices: what's allowed, 2023.↩
  57. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA) unpublished analysis of NDIS administration data. Transactions are considered to be at or close to the price cap if the price charged is within 95% to 100% of the price cap. Excludes therapy supports delivered to self managed participants and services that are not price controlled. ↩
  58. A survey by the NDIS Commission of audit costs charged to registered NDIS providers by approved quality auditors in November 2022 found the median cost of a verification audit was $935.↩
  59. A survey by the NDIS Commission of audit costs charged to registered NDIS providers by approved quality auditors in November 2022 found the median cost of a certification audit was $3,003.↩
  60. Submission 235 to the NDIS Review’s Have your Say survey.↩
  61. Get Skilled Access 2022, NDIS 2.0 A disability-led plan for the NDIS, pp. 21.↩
  62. Productivity Commission, Reforms to Human Services – Inquiry Report, 2018.↩
  63. Productivity Commission, Introducing Competition and Informed User Choice into Human Services: Reforms to Human Services, 2017, Report No. 85, Canberra, pp. 94.↩
  64. McKinsey & Company 2018, NDIA Independent Pricing Review, pp. 7.↩
  65. NSW Office of Social Impact Investment, Evaluation of the Resilient Families Service - Final Report, 2020, pp. 44.↩
  66. Get Skilled Access, NDIS 2.0 A disability-led plan for the NDIS, 2022, pp. 21.↩
  67. Taylor B, F. R., Fowler T., Financial impact of a capitation matrix system on total knee and total hip arthroplasty, 2009, Arthroplasty Journal 24(5), pp. 783-788.↩
  68. Andas, Charlotte & Östberg, Anna-Lena & Berggren, Pontus & Hakeberg, Magnus, A new dental insurance scheme – effects on the treatment provided and costs, 2014, Swedish Dental Journal 38(2), pp. 57-66. ↩
  69. Brunoni, J. D., T. & Walker, I. & Wood, D. & Coustasse, Alberto 2015, Is Capitation an Effective Tool for Reducing Health Care Costs?, Insights to a Changing World, pp. 85-106.↩
  70. Richard Grieve, J. S. S., Teh-wei Hu, Joan R. Bloom 2008, Evaluating Health Care Programs by Combining Cost with Quality of Life Measures: A Case Study Comparing Capitation and Fee for Service, Health Services Research 43(4), pp. 1204-1222. ↩
  71. Productivity Commission 2017, NDIS Costs - Study report overview, 2017, pp. 33. ↩
  72. National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA), NDIS Pricing Strategy, 2019, pp.7.↩
  73. Productivity Commission, Aged Care Employment - Study Report, 2022, pp.90.↩
  74. Productivity Commission, Efficiency in Health - Commission Research Paper, 2015, pp.59. ↩
  75. Queensland Productivity Commission, The NDIS Market in Queensland - Final Report, 2021, pp. xix. ↩
  76. Submission 365 to the NDIS Review’s Have your Say survey.↩
  77. Adapted from Queensland Productivity Commission, The NDIS Market in Queensland - Final Report, 2021, pp.216-218.↩